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IGBT

#学个新概念215
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The IGBT is a high-frequency electronic switch that can convert direct current to alternating current and control the speed of motors. It is a crucial component in new energy vehicles and high-speed trains. Compared to other devices like MOSFET and triodes, IGBT can handle high voltage and current with a high switching frequency. The Chinese IGBT market is growing rapidly, with an expected market size of 591 billion yuan by 2025. There is a high demand for domestically produced IGBTs, with a production of 25.8 million units in 2021 and a demand of 132 million units. The development of IGBT technology is also being supported by projects like the Chengdu High-tech Zone Power Semiconductor Device and Component R&D and Industrialization Project.

Function#

In layman's terms:

A high-frequency electronic switch that can be switched tens of thousands of times per second. The high-frequency switch can convert DC to AC and vary the frequency of AC power.

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  • It is a core component of new energy vehicles and high-speed trains.

    1. Convert AC power from the grid into stored DC power in batteries.
    2. Convert DC power from batteries into dual-flow power for motor drive.
    3. Control the motor speed through switching frequency.
      image

  • Photovoltaics, wind power, energy storage, and industrial control are new spaces.

Comparison#

Compared to MOSFETs: low current.

Compared to triodes: Triodes can handle high voltage, but consume too much control current.

IGBT: High voltage (6500V), high current (3500AV), high switching frequency (>10k/s).

Key Points#

Square wave AC power#

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Positive half-wave AC power#
  • Increase the number of switches.
  • Increase capacitance (storage).
    image
Control chip#

image

Suppliers#

The main foreign supplier is Infineon. After 2018, domestic IGBT manufacturers emerged through acquisitions.
image

Market Space#
  • According to data from China Industry Information Network, the market size of IGBT in China was 7.98 billion yuan in 2014 and is expected to reach 22.46 billion yuan in 2021, with a compound annual growth rate of 15.93%.
  • It is estimated that the market space for IGBT in China will reach 59.1 billion yuan in 2025.
  • In 2021, domestic IGBT production was 25.8 million, and the demand reached 132 million.

The growth rate and substitution space are both high.

Source Material#

Xunwei Semiconductor is constructing the R&D and industrialization project of high-end power semiconductor devices and components in Chengdu High-tech West Zone. The first phase of the project will have a total production capacity of 1.3025 million power semiconductor devices and power components. Construction started in August 2022, and the factory building construction has been completed. It is expected to be completed and accepted in the first quarter of 2024, and full production is expected in 2026.

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